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Association between consumption of small fish and all-cause mortality among Japanese: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
- Chinatsu Kasahara, Takashi Tamura, Kenji Wakai, Yudai Tamada, Yasufumi Kato, Yoko Kubo, Rieko Okada, Mako Nagayoshi, Asahi Hishida, Nahomi Imaeda, Chiho Goto, Jun Otonari, Hiroaki Ikezaki, Yuichiro Nishida, Chisato Shimanoe, Isao Oze, Yuriko N. Koyanagi, Yohko Nakamura, Miho Kusakabe, Daisaku Nishimoto, Ippei Shimoshikiryo, Sadao Suzuki, Miki Watanabe, Etsuko Ozaki, Chie Omichi, Kiyonori Kuriki, Naoyuki Takashima, Naoko Miyagawa, Kokichi Arisawa, Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano, Kenji Takeuchi, Keitaro Matsuo, the J-MICC Study Group
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- Journal:
- Public Health Nutrition / Accepted manuscript
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 May 2024, pp. 1-40
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- Article
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Objective:
Although small fish are an important source of micronutrients, the relationship between their intake and mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between intake of small fish and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
Design:We used the data from a cohort study in Japan. The frequency of the intake of small fish was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to the frequency of the intake of small fish by sex were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model with adjustments for covariates.
Setting:The Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study.
Participants:A total of 80,802 participants (34,555 males and 46,247 females), aged 35–69 years.
Results:During a mean follow-up of 9.0 years, we identified 2,482 deaths including 1,495 cancer-related deaths. The intake of small fish was statistically significantly and inversely associated with the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality in females. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) in females for all-cause mortality according to the intake were 0.68 (0.55–0.85) for intakes 1–3 times/month, 0.72 (0.57–0.90) for 1–2 times/week, and 0.69 (0.54–0.88) for ≥3 times/week, compared with the rare intake. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) in females for cancer mortality were 0.72 (0.54–0.96), 0.71 (0.53–0.96), and 0.64 (0.46–0.89), respectively. No statistically significant association was observed in males.
Conclusions:Intake of small fish may reduce the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality in Japanese females.
What Kinds of Skills Are Necessary for Physicians Involved in International Disaster Response?
- Norihito Noguchi, Satoshi Inoue, Chisato Shimanoe, Kaoru Shibayama, Hitomi Matsunaga, Sae Tanaka, Akina Ishibashi, Koichi Shinchi
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- Journal:
- Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 31 / Issue 4 / August 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 May 2016, pp. 397-406
- Print publication:
- August 2016
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Introduction
Physicians are key disaster responders in foreign medical teams (FMTs) that provide medical relief to affected people. However, few studies have examined the skills required for physicians in real, international, disaster-response situations.
ProblemThe objectives of this study were to survey the primary skills required for physicians from a Japanese FMT and to examine whether there were differences in the frequencies of performed skills according to demographic characteristics, previous experience, and dispatch situations to guide future training and certification programs.
MethodsThis cross-sectional survey used a self-administered questionnaire given to 64 physicians with international disaster-response site experience. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics (sex, age, years of experience as a physician, affiliation, and specialty), previous experience (domestic disaster-relief experience, international disaster-relief experience, or disaster medicine training experience), and dispatch situation (length of dispatch, post-disaster phase, disaster type, and place of dispatch). In addition, the frequencies of 42 performed skills were assessed via a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the participants’ characteristics and total scores as the frequencies of performed skills. Mean scores for surgical skills, health care-related skills, public health skills, and management and coordination skills were compared according to the demographic characteristics, previous experience, and dispatch situations.
ResultsFifty-two valid questionnaires (81.3% response rate) were collected. There was a trend toward higher skill scores among those who had more previous international disaster-relief experience (P=.03). The more disaster medicine training experience the participants had, the higher their skill score was (P<.001). Physicians reported involvement in 23 disaster-relief response skills, nine of which were performed frequently. There was a trend toward higher scores for surgical skills, health care-related skills, and management and coordination skills related to more disaster medicine training experience.
ConclusionThis study’s findings can be used as evidence to boost the frequency of physicians’ performed skills by promoting previous experience with international disaster relief and disaster medicine training. Additionally, these results may contribute to enhancing the quality of medical practice in the international disaster relief and disaster training curricula.
,Noguchi N ,Inoue S ,Shimanoe C ,Shibayama K ,Matsunaga H ,Tanaka S ,Ishibashi A .Shinchi K What Kinds of Skills Are Necessary for Physicians Involved in International Disaster Response? Prehosp Disaster Med.2016 ;31 (4 ):397 –406 .